{"id":29703,"date":"2018-07-17T15:15:36","date_gmt":"2018-07-17T13:15:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ife.ee\/?p=29703"},"modified":"2019-07-11T09:39:11","modified_gmt":"2019-07-11T07:39:11","slug":"14-juuli-prantsusmaa-rahvuspueha-kujunemisest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/14-juuli-prantsusmaa-rahvuspueha-kujunemisest\/","title":{"rendered":"14. juulist ja Prantsuse rahvusp\u00fcha kujunemisest"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>14. juuli 1789<\/strong> oli otsustav p\u00e4ev Prantsusmaa ajaloos. Sellele olid eelnenud kasvavad \u00fchiskondlikud pinged ja majanduslikud probleemid, mis viisid j\u00e4rk-j\u00e4rgult uue v\u00f5imukorra kehtestamiseni Prantsuse kuningriigis. Esiteks oli selleks ajaks kasvanud k\u00f5igi seisuste rahulolematus kuningas Louis XVI riigivalitsemisega. Rahulolematust oli veelgi v\u00f5imendanud populaarse peaministri Neckeri vallandamine m\u00f5ned kuud p\u00e4rast generaalstaatide (seisuste esinduskogu) erakorralist kokkukutsumist. Teiseks valmistasid Pariisi elanikele muret linnav\u00e4ravate taha koondunud soldatid, kes olid valmis kuninga k\u00e4sul<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> vastloodud Asutava Kogu j\u00f5uga maha surema. Pinged kulmineerusid 14. juulil, kui pariislased tulirelvade ja laskemoona hankimiseks Bastille&#8217; vangla vallutasid. Olgugi et vangla oli ammu minetanud oma t\u00e4htsuse kinnipidamisasutusena, oli tegemist olulise s\u00fcmboolse aktiga kuningav\u00f5imu vastu.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1789. aasta suvel tekkisid \u00fcle <strong>Prantsusmaa kohalikud rahvabrigaadid (rahvuskaardid)<\/strong>, mis ei allunud enam otse kuningav\u00f5imule, vaid olid eesk\u00e4tt ustavad Asutavale Kogule. Need koondusid ajapikku regionaalseteks liitudeks (f\u00f6deratsioonideks). Alates 15. juulist 1789 m\u00e4\u00e4rati Pariisi rahvuskaardi juhiks kindral la Fayette. Tema ettepanekul otsustati Bastille&#8217;i vallutamise 1. aastap\u00e4eval t\u00e4histada \u00fchtse riikliku rahvuskaardi moodustamist. <strong>14. juulil 1790 <\/strong>kogunesid \u00fcle Prantsusmaa kokku tulnud rahvuskaartlased Pariisi t\u00e4navatele, et t\u00e4histada nn <strong>F\u00f6deratsiooni p\u00fcha <\/strong><em>(F\u00eate de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration)<\/em>, mille raames vannuti ka truudust p\u00f5hiseaduslikule v\u00f5imukorrale.&nbsp;<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Paraku muutus p\u00fcha revolutsiooni s\u00fcndmuste keerises aina marginaalsemaks ning selle t\u00e4histamine j\u00e4i soiku terveks sajandiks. Keisririigi ajal oli riigi t\u00e4htsaimaks p\u00fchaks Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte&#8217;i s\u00fcnnip\u00e4ev 15. augustil ning monarhia taastamise perioodil Louis P\u00fcha nimep\u00e4ev 25. augustil. <strong>1880. aastal<\/strong> ehk Prantsusmaa Kolmanda Vabariigi ajal <strong>kuulutati 14. juuli ametlikult Prantsuse rahvusp\u00fchaks<\/strong>. Samuti v\u00f5eti siis kasutusele sinivalgepunane Prantsuse lipp.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>14. juulil 1790, Bastille&#8217;i vallutamise aastap\u00e4eval t\u00e4histati niisiis riigi \u00fchtsust monarhia asemele kerkinud uue v\u00f5imukorra all. T\u00e4nap\u00e4eval on Bastille&#8217;i vallutamine nendest kahest s\u00fcndmusest \u00fcldsusele paremini teada. Kindlasti olid m\u00f5lemad olulised \u00fchtse Prantsuse Vabariigi tekkimisele!&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29622\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ife.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/defile-aerien.jpg\" alt=\"14. juuli\" width=\"958\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/defile-aerien.jpg 958w, https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/defile-aerien-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/defile-aerien-768x427.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/defile-aerien-600x334.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 958px) 100vw, 958px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ife.ee\/blogi\/\"><strong>Prantsuse Instituudi blogi<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>14. juuli 1789 oli otsustav p\u00e4ev Prantsusmaa ajaloos. Sellele olid eelnenud kasvavad \u00fchiskondlikud pinged ja majanduslikud probleemid, mis viisid j\u00e4rk-j\u00e4rgult [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":38538,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[396],"tags":[913,1243,788,914],"class_list":["post-29703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogi","tag-14-juuli","tag-bastille","tag-prantsusmaa","tag-rahvuspueha"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29703","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29703"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29703\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29703"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.ife.ee\/et\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}